On May 30, the China Institute of Metrology officially certified that Kunshan GCL Photovoltaic Materials Co., Ltd. achieved a 29.51% steady-state power conversion efficiency (PCE) for its 2048 cm² perovskite/silicon tandem PV module, setting a new world record for large-size perovskite modules. This milestone underscores China-made technological prowess and demonstrates the “GCL speed” in commercializing perovskite technology.

For context, traditional crystalline silicon modules typically reach around 26% PCE, while the theoretical efficiency of single-junction perovskite modules is up to 35%, and perovskite/silicon tandem modules can theoretically reach 45%, making them a core disruptive technology poised to reshape the PV industry. Tandem technology is widely regarded as the “ultimate solution” to overcoming efficiency limits in solar power generation.

In the critical phase of the global PV industry’s shift toward higher efficiency and lower costs, GCL’s breakthrough once again raises the industry ceiling. Tracking the technology’s evolution, perovskite tandem module efficiency jumped from 27.34% (2050 cm²) in 2024 to 29.51% (2048 cm²) in 2025, averaging an increase of over 2 percentage points per year, reflecting remarkable iteration speed and solidifying GCL as a global benchmark in solar technology.

This continuous efficiency climb is powered by GCL’s “hardcore technology + AI” high-throughput R&D system. Recently, Kunshan GCL launched the world’s first AI high-throughput perovskite fabrication platform, a “super-engine” for tackling industrialization challenges. Equipped with 52 high-precision sensors and AI algorithms, it forms a closed-loop “sense–decide–act–learn” system, producing 300 cells per day and generating 1,800 sets of high-precision data, reducing lab-to-industry conversion cycles by 90%. Cell efficiency variation is below 0.75%, demonstrating unprecedented precision and reproducibility beyond traditional methods.

GCL is now advancing a dual-drive strategy of gigawatt-scale production and scenario-based demonstration to accelerate perovskite technology from lab to industry. The world’s first gigawatt-scale perovskite tandem production line is in the equipment commissioning stage, with commercial production expected by the end of 2025, targeting an initial annual output value of RMB 1 billion.

Upon mass production of 2.76 m² large-area perovskite tandem modules, GCL will leverage its deep expertise in material formulation, precision coating, laser scribing, and interface passivation to continuously upgrade product iterations. This will further enhance cost-efficiency, performance, and stability, delivering a revolutionary value proposition to the PV industry and accelerating the global energy transition.

From “lab efficiency champion” to “industrial disruptor”, each breakthrough in GCL’s perovskite tandem modules defines the future of the new energy sector. This ongoing innovation reflects China’s PV industry evolution from follower to global leader, providing high-efficiency, low-carbon energy solutions and lighting the path for a green energy future.